Introduction

Insulated Panels are prefabricated building panels used in floors, partitions, ceilings on buildings. Putting in insulated panels for building constructions are aimed to ensure the energy effectivity, easy and fast set up and a decrease in operating costs. A structural insulated panel (SIP) is a composite building material; consisting of an insulating layer core sandwiched between two layers of metals.

Options of SIP

SIP’s are commonly made of the Oriental Strand Board (OSB) panels sandwiched round a foam core made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS) or inflexible polyurethane foam. Different supplies such as plywood, pressure-handled plywood for below-grade foundation walls, metal, aluminum, cement board equivalent to Hardie Backer, and even unique materials like stainless steel, fiber-reinforced plastic, and magnesium oxide may also be utilized in replacement of OSB. SIPs provide continuous air and vapor barrier as well as increased R-Worth compared to traditional constructions. When labor cost, materials waste and energy efficiency are considered SIPs are comparable to more standard building methods.

History

The Idea of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) introduced The Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin in 1935. The laboratory developed a prototype panel consisted of framing members, plywood and hard board sheathing, and insulation. These initial panels have been used to build test properties and tested after 30 years to reveal that the panels retain their initial strength. In 1952 Alden B. Dow created the primary foam cores SIPs which had been being mass produced in the 1960’s.

How one can use SIP

The SIPs are designed to resist axial loads, shear loads and out of edge loads. These can be utilized for floors, walls, roofs etc… for the buildings. They have the ability to resist the bi-axial bending and lateral shear; so, they are very much suitable for use as roofs and floors. The most widely used panel joint connections are the Surface spline and Block Spline. The Surface spline Joint Connection consists of the strip of OSB or plywood inserted into slots within the foam. The block spline is a thin and narrow SIP assembly that’s inserted into recesses in the foam along the panel edges. These connections end in a steady foam core across the panels. This helps to remove air filtration on the joints.

Another joint connection is Mechanical cam locks; create a tighter joint between the panels. In any type of connection, the seam alongside the sheathing must be covered with a continuous line of panel tape. Openings could occur on the edges and corners of the panel, and so the panel foam could be recessed to access lumber headers. Any opening within the SIPs that accept one other enclosed factor have to be properly sealed.

Benefits and Drawbacks

Benefits:

1. SIP provides the tighter building envelope and the partitions will have higher insulating properties.

2. Decrease in working costs.

3. Buildings made with insulated panels may be simply dismantled and reused

4. Insulated panel properties (strength and thermal insulation property) will remain the same if reused.

5. It is price effective as it can be put in simply

Drawbacks:

1. Quite poor efficiency with respect to the noise control.

2. May be damaged by moisture. Better to make use of the panels with waterproof surfaces.

3. Panels should be properly protected from pests/insecticides.

4. Requires a proper mechanical ventilation system

5. Modification of the initial project is costly.

Conclusion

The Structural Insulated Panels come prefabricated and ready to be assembled, and therefore it helps to speed up the construction.Also, it requires minimal equipment and workforce and therefore cost effective.

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